Author Bashir Frik released his book, 'President Liamine Zeroual: Path and Example', through the publisher Dar Al-Umma at the 2026 International Book Fair (SILA). The work documents the political legacy of Liamine Zeroual, featuring direct statements regarding his efforts to stabilize the nation. Liamine Zeroual stated, "I am ready to come crawling from the capital to Blida, out of desire and effort to stop the bleeding of Algerians' blood." The text also covers his firm diplomatic stance during his tenure. Regarding French President Jacques Chirac, Liamine Zeroual declared, "I will not meet him, neither in secret nor in public." These accounts provide insight into his decision-making process and his approach to domestic security and international relations during his time in office.
Early Military Service Years
Liamine Zeroual joined the Algerian War of Independence in 1957. He was 16 years old at the time he entered the conflict.
His formal military education commenced shortly thereafter. In 1958, he began artillery training in Jordan. Following this period, he continued his studies at the Egyptian Military Academy. He remained at the Egyptian Military Academy until 1961.
Upon the conclusion of his training, he transitioned into an active role within the armed forces. He participated in the 1963 Sand War against Morocco. During this military engagement, he served in the capacity of an artillery officer.
Command and Political Disagreements
Liamine Zeroual commanded the 3rd Military Region in 1985, where he directed 'Operation Terrible Storm' to capture Moroccan military personnel crossing the border. Khalid Nezzar noted of his colleague during this period, "Zeroual is a strong man who can be relied upon."
Disagreements with Khalid Nezzar regarding army modernization emerged following the October 5, 1988 events. These policy disputes led Liamine Zeroual to resign from his military position.
Algeria subsequently appointed him as ambassador to Romania. He held this diplomatic post for approximately one year before he resigned from the role. Liamine Zeroual informed his family of his intentions to depart, stating, "Prepare yourselves so that I can be with you permanently here in Batna after a year." He returned to Batna following the conclusion of his tenure in Romania.
Ascent to the Presidency
Liamine Zeroual assumed the role of Minister of National Defense in 1993. This appointment placed him at the center of the government's security strategy during a period of intense internal instability. Shortly after his appointment, Mohamed Betchine joined the administration as a special advisor to President Zeroual for security and political affairs in 1994. Mohamed Betchine maintained this advisory role for four years, providing counsel on domestic security and political matters until his resignation in October 1998.
Liamine Zeroual subsequently sought the presidency through a national vote. He was elected President of Algeria on 16 March 1995. This victory marked his formal transition from the defense ministry to the head of state, solidifying his leadership role within the country's executive branch. He continued to manage both security policy and the administration's political agenda throughout his presidency, working alongside his advisors to address the conditions facing the nation at that time.
Security Policy and Legacy
Liamine Zeroual implemented specific security measures to address internal instability during his presidency. His administration prioritized the expansion of state defense capabilities across key territories. Within the 5th Military Region, this policy involved the recruitment of approximately 40,000 auxiliary forces. These personnel served to bolster the presence of state security in the region as part of the broader effort to manage the security environment at that time.
